The ejidos and agrarian communities are the form of land tenure that covers most of the surface in the Mexican countryside; these offer important agricultural and livestock production and most of the hills, forest areas, mangroves, coasts, water, mines and various natural attractions are in their lands
The ejido in Mexico
Mainly associated with the revolutionary agrarian reform, which projected the agrarian law of 1915 as collective, undivided land that could not be sold or inherited. Throughout the 20th century, its legislation underwent various changes, in accordance with the economic and political projects of the governments in power.
The key element to understanding the introduction of ejidos in Mexico as an integral part of the laws that followed the Mexican Revolution is the historical context in which the country found itself. Historian Emilio Kouri, in his article “The Invention of the Ejido”, speaks of the ejido as a social result of the Mexican armed struggle that was the revolution, but rather as a temporary response to the social demands of the revolution.
“That a revolution destroys what is unjust or does not work in order to try something new and different -with or without success- is the usual thing, and in the case of Mexico the agrarian reform of the Revolution invented the ejido. There should be no doubt that it is a modern invention, as will be seen below. The ejido was born as a provisional, almost accidental arrangement, but in less than two decades it was consolidated as the main instrument for governmental redistribution of land (…).
However, the ejido became a major piece in the policy of agrarian distribution in Mexico, more as a political tool to establish rural peace after the fall of Porfiriato than as an effective tool to fulfill the demands of the peasants; for the post-revolutionary war period, these aspects of communal restitution and indigenous property spaces provided by the creation of the ejidos resulted in a practical policy of control. In this regard, Kourí also mentions in his article the following:
“Thus, for both political and historical reasons, the solution to the agrarian problem at that time was clear: communal property was what the humblest people of the countryside (the Indians above all) understood best, what was most convenient to their present needs and, moreover, apparently, what the Zapatistas in arms on the other side of the Ajusco said they wanted(…).
January 6 marks a century since, in the midst of a great civil war, the Carrancista faction enacted an agrarian law in Veracruz that unintentionally marked the beginning and course of the most extensive agrarian reform in the modern history of Latin America. Throughout more than seven decades, the governments emanating from the Revolution gave way to an enormous transformation of the legal order and the social distribution of rural property in Mexico.
Pushed first by the demands and struggles of new peasant organizations and soon also by the irresistible attraction of its clientelist potential, the Revolution ended up distributing a lot of land, and not only bad land. Cardenismo (assisted by the Great Depression) broke up a good part of the large haciendas, demolishing without a second thought a long-lived economic and social institution that symbolized not only the consolidation of territorial property and local power since the mid-19th century, but also the legacy of conquests, subjections and viceregal depredations.
By 1991, when the Constitution was amended to put an end to the repartition, more than two-thirds of Mexico’s land and forests had been subject to agrarian reform. There is much to debate about the costs and benefits, the vices and virtues, or the aspirations and failures of the Revolution’s land distribution, but in any case, what is certain is that the magnitude of that institutional change in land ownership is comparable only to that which occurred as a result of the Spanish conquest in the sixteenth century.
El ejido, símbolo de la Revolución Mexicana*
Megathreads and spaces to hang out:
- 📀 Come listen to music and Watch movies with your fellow Hexbears nerd, in Cy.tube
- 🔥 Read and talk about a current topics in the News Megathread
- ⚔ Come talk in the New Weekly PoC thread
- ✨ Talk with fellow Trans comrades in the New Weekly Trans thread
- 👊 Share your gains and goals with your comrades in the New Weekly Improvement thread
- 🧡 Disabled comm megathread
reminders:
- 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics
- 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears
- 💜 Sorting by new you nerd
- 🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can reserve a spot here nerd
- 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon instance toots.matapacos.dog
Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):
Aid:
Theory:
Jesus fucking Christ
Saving for retirement is a fucking game and my brain refuses to process the absurdity of that alone
Wish my dumbass tried to major in finance or some shit just so I learned about how the system obfuscates the simple ways in which can miss out on a lot of money by picking the “wrong” investment strategy
All crime shows can be expressed on a scale of Detective to Cop. Murder She Wrote is the hard side of detective, 24 is the hard end of Cop. Law and Order I oddly think us only about half way between neutral and cop cause it does narratively look more like a procedural/mystery thing.
@ReadFanon@hexbear.net I now have Webfishing and a burner steam account so I should be able to join next time! Sorry I couldn’t make it yesterday!
I’ve been wanting to play this game for ages and it finally seems like I’ll have more time to do so this week
Drinking a natty ice first time tonight and it doesnt really taste like anything. Im fine with that. I take back saying anything positive about Earthquake malt liquor, im never drinking that shit again
If I was a Maker I would put in so many unnecessary sex scenes
i think im gonna take a break from talking to friends for a little bit because it seems like ppl presume bad intent of me really often
i know its the autism but im tired
The most obvious evidence that bad vibes and all that woo-woo stuff is not real is that the entire country of Israel isn’t covered by a thick black fog. If bad vibes could have an effect on reality, Tel Aviv would look like Mount Doom.
i wish my cat would shut the fuck up when she’s hungry. shut the fuck up. shut the fuck up. shut the fuck uppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp
the other cat is so quiet. she just gives an excited chirrup when i finally feed her
Cycling through various psych meds is so unbelievably frustrating. Turns out my current psych doc is willing to prescribe MAOIs which is great because I’ve always wanted to look into that class. Started with selegiline patch, it actually seemed like it might be helpful, I at least had more energy and motivation, but turns out I’m allergic to the adhesive and I kept reacting to it more and more until it was basically one big hive underneath when I took it off. Doctor is unwilling to prescribe oral or sublingual form, saying there’s not enough evidence for its effectiveness on depression…
Now I’m on removedlcypromine (parnate), which is actually what I would have picked for myself to start off with. After 2 months ramping up it couldn’t be more different than the last med, I’m sleepy all the time, 0 motivation. I haven’t gotten a single thing done for like 3 weeks and have called in to work 3 times. I’m not sure whether to try and power through or taper off but either way I’m in for quite a bit more of this since, unlike selegiline, you cannot quit this one cold turkey. Next up would be phenelzine (nardil), which is also very likely to make me sleepy.
I want to give these a fair shot, after the MAOIs there’s basically nothing left to try, over 20 years I’ve thoroughly explored every other class of depression med, but I also have to weigh that against my functionality, I can’t just take a year off of work to dick around with drugs that each only have a sliver of a chance of being effective. I guess I should feel lucky, there are a lot of jobs I would already have been fired from for tardiness and absenteeism, and getting a doctor who’s willing to prescribe supposedly dangerous stuff instead of just yet another ssri, SNRI, tricyclic, is difficult and expensive.
first sober night in this new attempt at a break and uuuuuuh is it possible i was using alcohol to anesthetize my loneliness and my fear of the grinding passage of time and my fear of dying prematurely and my fear of dying in a moment of alienation and alonenness, unconnected to something bigger than myself and also my fear that the feeling that This Isn’t Enough will never go away until the day i die and that i’ll never have a purpose and my fear of my slowly but surely dimming sense of wonder and awe and beauty in the face of the world and my fear of
I’m happy for Nestor that his dad got a new job.
FINALLY FINISHED 2666 AFTER STARTING EARLY SPRING 2023
have half of The Road to go…and then Moby Dick and Wretched of the Earth on the to-do list (trying to eat a little theory vegetables as part of the diet)
i got a chicken pox vaccine because i never had it as a kid
ow this shit hurts
I’m running a pretty effective op on one of my classes. My section takes the class in the morning, the other section the afternoon. There’s several people in my section who have interned for defense companies (I’ve spoken about the struggle sessions we’ve had where I agitate against said companies and these freaks show up to make excuses for themselves here before). The class is quite difficult, and most students seem to rely on cheesing it to some extent to pass. Last semester, some people I know tell me they only passed because grades were so low on average the prof was forced to curve grades up significantly.
So here’s where my op comes in: I have all the old exams from knowing people who took the class in previous semesters. I know some trusted people in my section who have them too. I tell everyone to nut tf up and not send anyone else the old exam in the day of the exam, until my section is done taking it, then send the exams to as many people in the other section as possible to pump up the average grade. This means the curve is a lot tighter. I have done this for both midterms as of yet. On the first one, I found out one of the guys that worked on a Raytheon drone team got a 53%. This is how you actually do an embargo. This is how we win.
